摘 要

IEA淨零路徑圖建議2040年前應淘汰未實施減排措施之燃煤電廠。電力部門擁有大量使用年限長且資本密集之資產，臺灣現有火力機組占總裝置容量70.1%，需採取減排措施。CCUS為電力部門淨零轉型有效手段，可提升既有資產效能，亦有助於快速擴大產製低碳氫能。篩選2040年與2050年時經濟壽命期間內之燃煤燃氣機組，分階段導入碳捕捉技術，估計至2050年CCS技術捕捉4.4億噸、DACCS與BECCS捕捉1,437萬噸，可望促成電力部門達至淨零。透過無碳電力憑證機制，可將導入CCUS電廠價值鏈外溫室氣體減量轉換成價值鏈內溫室氣體減量。淨零轉型過程中，需採用包括財政在內之各種政策促成CCUS相關市場，達成化石燃料電廠淨零轉型。同時搭配鼓勵氫能與生質燃料生產、各行業共用二氧化碳輸送與封存基礎設施；並以國家隊規格結合國內外企業實力，促成產業樞紐升級。

Abstract

IEA recommends phasing out all unabated power plants by 2040. Fossil-fueled power plants account for 70.1% of the total installed generation capacities in Taiwan. CCUS is an effective means to achieve net-zero transformation of the power sector by improving the performance of existing assets and expanding the production of low-carbon hydrogen. As the estimates of this study shows, CCUS may make a significant contribution to net zero emissions (NZE) of the power sector in Taiwan; besides, a mechanism titled carbon-free power certificate mechanism may convert the GHG reductions outside the value chain of power plants into GHG reductions within the value chain. Along the way to NZE, various policies, such as follows, need to be adopted to facilitate CCUS related markets: fiscal measures, sharing CO2 transmission and storage infrastructure among industries, and get together domestic and foreign enterprises to realize industrial transformation/upgrading.

關鍵詞(Key Words)：淨零排放(Net Zero Emissions)、碳捕捉、再利用及封存(Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage)、負碳技術(Negative Emission Technologies)、二氧化碳從大氣中去除(Carbon Dioxide Removal)、均化發電成本(Levelized Cost of Electricity)、無碳電力憑證(Carbon Free Power Certificates)。